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Specialist support from our Human Factors consultants

With decades of experience, Human Reliability’s human factors consultancy can protect the organisation from critical risks and help achieve quality, safety and productivity goals.

How we work with organisations

Clients often turn to Human Reliability solutions when human error plays a significant role in serious incidents. Moreover, organizations that prioritize safety, quality, and availability goals also rely on Human Reliability practices.

Our team of human factor consultants specializes in identifying and analyzing problems. They employ various techniques such as task, error, and criticality analysis to develop effective solutions and strategies for error prevention.

Recognizing the underlying issue, there is a growing acknowledgement that many human performance problems result from the lack of an effective policy for managing Human Reliability. As a result, our human factors consultants are increasingly engaged in conducting audits and evaluations that delve deeper into an organization’s quality and safety management strategy to identify weaknesses beyond the surface-level manifestations of the problem.

Our Human Factors Consultancy Specialisms

Human Reliability works across a range of sectors with a range of particular expertise, from management audits and risk assessments to incident reporting systems and human error prediction.

Qualitative and quantitative prediction of human error

We equip clients with advanced tools and methodologies to assess and anticipate potential human errors. By combining qualitative analysis for in-depth understanding and quantitative data for precise measurements, we help clients proactively mitigate human error risks, leading to enhanced safety, improved quality, and increased operational efficiency.

Human Reliability aspects of the introduction of new technology

Our expert consultants analyze potential human factors and reliability issues during the implementation process, enabling you to identify and address potential challenges beforehand. By considering the human element, we help you optimize technology adoption, minimize disruptions, and maximize overall system performance, resulting in a successful and efficient technological transformation.

Control room and interface design

We create user-centric control room layouts and intuitive interfaces tailored to your specific operational needs. Our team combines ergonomic principles and cognitive psychology to design efficient and user-friendly interfaces. This results in improved operator performance, reduced errors, and enhanced situational awareness, empowering your team to make better decisions and ensuring smooth and safe operations in critical environments.

Incident investigation and root cause analysis

Our experienced team uses a combination of investigative techniques and analytical tools to identify the underlying causes of the events. By pinpointing the root causes and contributory factors, we help you implement targeted corrective actions, prevent future occurrences. Our approach ensures that valuable lessons are learned, contributing to continuous improvement and a culture of safety within your organization.

Development of data collection and incident reporting systems

We work closely with your team to design and implement user-friendly and efficient systems that capture relevant data accurately and securely. By centralizing incident reporting and data collection, you gain valuable insights to drive informed decision-making, identify trends, and implement proactive measures. Our customized solutions empower your organization to enhance safety, compliance, and overall operational efficiency.

Human Reliability management audits

Our experienced auditors assess the effectiveness of your existing Human Reliability programs, policies, and procedures. Through meticulous analysis, we identify strengths and areas for improvement. We help your organization foster a culture of continuous improvement, ensuring that Human Reliability remains a vital component in achieving operational excellence and minimizing human-related risks.

Quality improvement in healthcare

We work collaboratively with healthcare providers to identify areas for improvement, streamline processes, and implement evidence-based best practices. Through data analysis and continuous monitoring, we help you identify trends, reduce errors, and optimize patient care delivery.

Impact Evaluation – public sector and private sector

Using rigorous methodologies, we measure the impact of various projects, programs, and policies. For the public sector, this evaluation aids in determining the efficiency of government interventions, ensuring resources are utilized effectively, and informing evidence-based decision-making. In the private sector, impact evaluation helps organizations gauge the success of their initiatives, understand their social and economic effects, and identify areas for improvement. By providing valuable insights into the real-world impact of interventions, we empower clients to refine their strategies.

Rapid Human Factors safety interventions in healthcare

Leveraging our expertise in human factors and healthcare systems, we quickly identify potential safety risks and implement effective solutions. By addressing critical issues promptly, we help prevent adverse events, reduce medical errors, and improve overall patient care. Our agile approach ensures that healthcare providers can respond promptly to emerging safety concerns, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and patient-centered care.

Organisational analysis and the management of organisational change

Our experienced consultants work collaboratively with your team to design and implement effective strategies for organizational transformation. By addressing challenges and aligning with your strategic objectives, we enable smoother transitions, higher employee engagement, and improved overall performance. Our approach ensures that your organization is equipped to adapt, thrive, and remain competitive in an ever-evolving business landscape.

Preparation of Human Reliability and human factors guidelines

Drawing from industry best practices and the latest research, our experts develop practical and user-friendly guidelines. These guidelines empower your workforce to effectively incorporate human factors principles into their daily operations, promoting a culture of safety, efficiency, and quality. By providing clear and actionable recommendations, we ensure that Human Reliability and human factors considerations become an integral part of your organizational practices.

Design of operating, maintenance and emergency procedures

Our Design of Operating, Maintenance, and Emergency Procedures service is focused on creating clear, user-friendly, and effective procedures for your organization. Our human factor experts work closely with subject matter experts and stakeholders to design procedures that are easy to follow, mitigate human error, and enhance overall system reliability.

Human Reliability aspects of quality improvement programmes

Our experts assess the interactions between individuals, processes, and technology to develop targeted solutions that enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of quality improvement efforts. By optimizing workflows, training personnel, and implementing error-prevention strategies, we ensure that human-related factors do not hinder the progress of quality improvement programs.

Risk assessment and reliability analysis

Our comprehensive service focuses on evaluating risks and reliability across your operations, while taking into account the critical factor of human elements. By utilizing advanced methodologies, we identify and prioritize potential risks, enabling you to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively. With our insights, you can optimize performance, ensure regulatory compliance, and safeguard the well-being of your workforce and stakeholders.

Contact us to start your Human Reliability journey

Case Study 1: Human Factors benchmarking and policy development

One of the first things a HSE inspector might want to see when conducting a Human Factors review is the policy documentation that outlines what should be done. We can assess and help develop such documentation for different HF Topic areas.

For example, we helped a client develop policy and guidance documents to embed Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) at their site.

We worked together on SCTA activities, including an exercise on identifying and prioritising COMAH-critical tasks, and an SCTA workshop on a critical task. Additionally, some of the people from site attended our SCTA course to consolidate their learning.

We collaborated with the site to develop guidance documents that served to act as a benchmark for carrying out SCTAs in a manageable and sustainable manner. An example from the document developed was a standard for assuring human performance that outlines the competency requirements, the roles and responsibilities, and the actions to be taken related to the SCTA process.

Case Study 1: Human Factors benchmarking and policy development

One of the first things a HSE inspector might want to see when conducting a Human Factors review is the policy documentation that outlines what should be done. We can assess and help develop such documentation for different HF Topic areas.

For example, we helped a client develop policy and guidance documents to embed Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) at their site.

We worked together on SCTA activities, including an exercise on identifying and prioritising COMAH-critical tasks, and an SCTA workshop on a critical task. Additionally, some of the people from site attended our SCTA course to consolidate their learning.

We collaborated with the site to develop guidance documents that served to act as a benchmark for carrying out SCTAs in a manageable and sustainable manner. An example from the document developed was a standard for assuring human performance that outlines the competency requirements, the roles and responsibilities, and the actions to be taken related to the SCTA process.

Case Study 2: Conducting Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA)

We were approached with a request to carry out a Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) on starting an induction furnace. 

Prior to the SCTA workshop, we used the SOP to develop an initial task analysis in the SHERPA software, and to identify potential high-risk actions and issues in the task analysis. We reviewed and developed this analysis with a multi-disciplinary team in the workshop.

We identified improvements that may benefit the site. One of them was to optimise the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) by adding some prompts and redesigning the screen so that it would help with the user experience. Prompts are a useful way to direct the operators’ attention to the screen as it requires them to take action to progress the task. Furthermore, we suggested some ways to include more visual feedback that would help the operators understand the status of the induction furnace. By including more salient cues like installing lights that reflect the induction furnace’s state, this provides the operator and the team the opportunity to build a mental model of the task, which will help reduce the likelihood of error. We also discussed limiting the energy provided to the induction furnace to reduce the chance of a super heat event. Overall, the analysis received a positive response from the site and they were keen to implement the actions suggested.

Case Study 2: Conducting Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA)

We were approached with a request to carry out a Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) on starting an induction furnace. 

Prior to the SCTA workshop, we used the SOP to develop an initial task analysis in the SHERPA software, and to identify potential high-risk actions and issues in the task analysis. We reviewed and developed this analysis with a multi-disciplinary team in the workshop.

We identified improvements that may benefit the site. One of them was to optimise the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) by adding some prompts and redesigning the screen so that it would help with the user experience. Prompts are a useful way to direct the operators’ attention to the screen as it requires them to take action to progress the task. Furthermore, we suggested some ways to include more visual feedback that would help the operators understand the status of the induction furnace. By including more salient cues like installing lights that reflect the induction furnace’s state, this provides the operator and the team the opportunity to build a mental model of the task, which will help reduce the likelihood of error. We also discussed limiting the energy provided to the induction furnace to reduce the chance of a super heat event. Overall, the analysis received a positive response from the site and they were keen to implement the actions suggested.

Request a call back regarding our human factors consultancy services

Learn more about our human factors consultancy solutions and get your questions answered with a quick call-back request.

Discover more about our human factors consultancy

What does a human factors consultancy do?

A human factors consultancy works with organisations to systematically understand, assess, and reduce the human-related risks in their operations. Rather than treating human error as inevitable or blaming individuals, human factors consultancy examines the wider system — tasks, equipment, procedures, work environment, and organisational factors — to identify where and why errors are likely to occur, and to put in place practical, evidence-based controls. In high-hazard industries such as chemicals, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, and nuclear, this kind of specialist human factors consultancy is essential for protecting people, assets, and reputation.

When should you bring in a human factors consultant?

You should consider engaging a human factors consultant when facing any situation where the performance of people is critical to safety or operational outcomes. Common triggers include compliance with regulatory requirements such as COMAH or offshore safety regulations, following an incident or near miss, planning a major change to plant or processes, or recognising that existing procedures or control systems are not performing as intended. A human factors consultant brings a structured, systematic perspective that internal teams — however experienced — often cannot replicate on their own.

What human factors consultancy services do you offer?

HRA offers a comprehensive range of human factors consultancy services covering the key areas that regulators and industry bodies expect organisations to address. These include human factors risk assessment, Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA), incident investigation, procedure design and review, control room and alarm management studies, critical communications analysis, competence management support, and organisational change assessments. We tailor our approach to each client’s needs and sector, drawing on over four decades of specialist experience in high-hazard industries.

What do Human Reliability's consultants specialise in?

Human Reliability’s consultants specialise in systematic human factors risk assessment, with Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) at the core of our approach. We cover the full range of human factors topic areas recognised by the HSE and major industry bodies: Managing Human Performance, Human Factors in Process Design, Critical Communications, Design and Management of Procedures, Competence Management Systems, and Managing Organisational Factors — including their practical implementation and management within client organisations. Control room and alarm management studies are a particular area of growth, reflecting increasing industry demand. Our consultants work at the intersection of research-grade rigour and real-world practicality, applying theory to genuine operational problems in a systematic and thorough manner.

How can human error reduction consulting improve safety and performance?
Human error reduction consulting improves safety and performance by moving organisations from reactive responses to proactive prevention. Rather than waiting for incidents to occur, human error reduction consulting identifies the conditions that make errors likely — whether in task design, procedure quality, work environment, or organisational pressures — and introduces controls before those errors materialise. The result is not only a reduction in serious incidents but often measurable improvements in efficiency and confidence among the workforce. One of our pharmaceutical clients achieved a 43% reduction in human error following our consultancy work, generating significant operational value over the following years.
Can you help us identify and reduce the risk of human error?
Yes — identifying and reducing the risk of human error is at the heart of what we do. We use structured methodologies including Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) to systematically review critical tasks, identify the ways in which human errors could occur, assess the consequences and likelihood of those errors, and recommend practical controls. This evidence-based approach gives organisations a clear, defensible picture of their human factors risk profile, along with a prioritised action plan to address the most significant vulnerabilities.
Do you provide incident investigation, audits and risk assessments?
Yes. HRA provides human factors input across all three of these areas. Our incident investigation work looks beyond immediate causes to identify the underlying human and organisational factors that contributed to an event — following the principle that understanding why incidents happen is far more valuable than focusing on who was involved. We conduct human factors audits that assess how well an organisation’s systems, processes, and culture support safe human performance, and we carry out human factors risk assessments that proactively identify where error potential exists before an incident occurs.
Can your consultants support organisational change and new technology projects?
Yes. Managing Organisational Change is one of the six human factors topic areas recognised by the HSE, and it is an area where organisations frequently underestimate the human factors implications. Our consultants can support change programmes — whether restructuring, headcount changes, shift pattern modifications, or the introduction of new technology — by assessing how proposed changes affect workload, competence requirements, communications, and human error potential. Getting this right early in the design process is far less costly than discovering problems once a new system or structure is already in place.
What makes Human Reliability different from other human factors consulting firms?
Human Reliability Associates was founded in 1982, making us one of the longest-established human factors consulting firms in the world. Our founder, Professor David Embrey, was involved in developing human reliability assessment methods now applied globally — including laying the intellectual foundations on which SCTA and other systematic human factors methods have been built, work that grew directly from his involvement in the aftermath of landmark industrial accidents including Three Mile Island and Bhopal. What distinguishes HRA from other human factors consulting firms is not just our history but our approach: rigorous, research-grounded methodology applied to real operational problems, and a principled commitment to systematic practice over generic behavioural safety interventions. We also offer something few consultancies can: a fully integrated service across consultancy, software, and accredited training, meaning organisations can receive expert human factors consultancy support, adopt SHERPA software for in-house analysis, and build internal competence — all from a single, specialist team.
Who are your human factors consultants and what experience do they have?
Our human factors consultants bring together academic depth and hands-on industry experience across a range of high-hazard sectors. The team includes specialists with backgrounds in ergonomics, cognitive psychology, process safety, and sociotechnical systems. Professor David Embrey continues to publish and present at leading international conferences, maintaining HRA’s position at the forefront of the discipline. Our consultants regularly present at HAZARDS — the UK’s leading process safety conference — and participate in industry panels and working groups. As a CIEHF Registered Consultancy, HRA is formally recognised for meeting the standards of the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors, providing further assurance of the quality and experience of our team.
Which sectors do your human factors consultants work in?

HRA’s human factors consultants work primarily in high-hazard industries where the consequences of human error are most severe. Our core sectors include the process industries (chemicals, oil, gas, and petrochemicals), pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, power generation, healthcare, defence, and food and beverage manufacturing. We have extensive experience supporting organisations regulated under COMAH and the UK offshore safety regulations, and have worked with organisations operating under equivalent international frameworks. Our systematic, methodology-driven approach means we can bring genuine value across sectors, adapting proven human factors methods to the specific hazards, tasks, and regulatory contexts of each industry.

What methodology does Human Reliability use in its consultancy work?
HRA’s approach is built around systematic, evidence-based human factors methods rather than generic safety programmes or behavioural interventions. Safety Critical Task Analysis (SCTA) is central to our consultancy work — a structured technique that identifies which tasks carry significant human error potential, analyses how errors could occur at each step, examines the performance influencing factors (PIFs) that affect reliability, and produces prioritised recommendations for risk reduction. We also use Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) and a task-based approach to incident investigation, depending on the nature of the engagement. All of our consultancy work is grounded in the intellectual tradition of human reliability assessment that HRA helped to establish, and applies that body of knowledge to the practical realities of our clients’ operations.
Can you show us evidence that human factors consulting delivers real results?
Yes. Our human factors consultancy work has tangible, demonstrable impact, even if the most important outcome — accidents that did not happen — is inherently difficult to quantify. We regularly support organisations that have received action notices from the HSE, helping them fulfil their legal human factors obligations, de-escalate regulatory interventions, and return to a position of confident compliance. In one representative engagement, a focused human factors assessment of proof test procedures — a project of around six to seven days in total — revealed systemic vulnerabilities affecting hundreds of safety-critical instruments across a large industrial site. That single assessment triggered a substantial, site-wide programme of safety improvements. Collectively, our project work has generated significant insight into operational risk and produced meaningful, lasting improvements to safety — improvements whose full value lies precisely in the incidents they have prevented.
What does a typical human factors consultancy engagement look like?

Yes. Our human factors consultancy work has tangible, demonstrable impact, even if the most important outcome — accidents that did not happen — is inherently difficult to quantify. We regularly support organisations that have received action notices from the HSE, helping them fulfil their legal human factors obligations, de-escalate regulatory interventions, and return to a position of confident compliance. In one representative engagement, a focused human factors assessment of proof test procedures — a project of around six to seven days in total — revealed systemic vulnerabilities affecting hundreds of safety-critical instruments across a large industrial site. That single assessment triggered a substantial, site-wide programme of safety improvements. Collectively, our project work has generated significant insight into operational risk and produced meaningful, lasting improvements to safety — improvements whose full value lies precisely in the incidents they have prevented.

Do your consultants speak at conferences and industry events?
Yes. Our human factors consultancy work has tangible, demonstrable impact, even if the most important outcome — accidents that did not happen — is inherently difficult to quantify. We regularly support organisations that have received action notices from the HSE, helping them fulfil their legal human factors obligations, de-escalate regulatory interventions, and return to a position of confident compliance. In one representative engagement, a focused human factors assessment of proof test procedures — a project of around six to seven days in total — revealed systemic vulnerabilities affecting hundreds of safety-critical instruments across a large industrial site. That single assessment triggered a substantial, site-wide programme of safety improvements. Collectively, our project work has generated significant insight into operational risk and produced meaningful, lasting improvements to safety — improvements whose full value lies precisely in the incidents they have prevented.
Do you work with international clients and regulators?
Yes. Our human factors consultancy work has tangible, demonstrable impact, even if the most important outcome — accidents that did not happen — is inherently difficult to quantify. We regularly support organisations that have received action notices from the HSE, helping them fulfil their legal human factors obligations, de-escalate regulatory interventions, and return to a position of confident compliance. In one representative engagement, a focused human factors assessment of proof test procedures — a project of around six to seven days in total — revealed systemic vulnerabilities affecting hundreds of safety-critical instruments across a large industrial site. That single assessment triggered a substantial, site-wide programme of safety improvements. Collectively, our project work has generated significant insight into operational risk and produced meaningful, lasting improvements to safety — improvements whose full value lies precisely in the incidents they have prevented.